Regions
Countries
Territories
South America is a continent located primarily in the Southern Hemisphere, characterized by diverse landscapes including the Andes Mountains along the western edge, vast rainforests such as the Amazon Basin, extensive river systems, grasslands, and deserts like the Atacama. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and the Caribbean Sea to the north, and is connected to North America by the Isthmus of Panama.
Subcontinents
A
B
C
E
G
P
S
U
V
Countries are sovereign states located within South America. All countries in this region are fully within a single continent and are not transcontinental. Total: 12
F
G
J
Autonomous and special regions are subnational territories with distinct administrative, geographic, or political status within a sovereign state. The Federal Dependencies of Venezuela are centrally administered island territories rather than a standard state. :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0} The Galápagos Islands form a special province of Ecuador with unique environmental and administrative protections. :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1} The Juan Fernández Islands are a remote insular territory of Chile with special geographic and administrative characteristics. Total: 3
Overseas Departments / Integral Regions (South America)
F
Overseas departments and integral regions are territories fully integrated into a sovereign state. French Guiana is an overseas department and region of France located in South America, with the same legal status as regions in metropolitan France. Total: 1
Overseas Territories (United Kingdom)
Overseas territories are non-sovereign territories under the sovereignty of the United Kingdom. The Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands are located in the South Atlantic Ocean and are administered by the United Kingdom. Total: 2
Active Disputed Territories (South America)
F
S
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 
(United Kingdom / Argentina)
(Islas Georgias del Sur y Sandwich del Sur)
(United Kingdom / Argentina) Active disputed territories in South America include island groups in the South Atlantic Ocean. Local names are shown in Spanish alongside English names, reflecting competing claims. These territories are administered by the United Kingdom but are claimed by Argentina. They are not universally recognized as sovereign states and remain subject to ongoing territorial disputes.
Historical or Frozen Disputes (South America)
F
Historical or frozen disputes in South America include border conflicts and territorial claims that have been resolved, stabilized, or remain diplomatically disputed through treaties and international negotiations.
Local names are shown in Spanish where applicable, followed by the involved states with their respective flags.
These disputes no longer involve active large-scale conflict but remain historically and politically significant in regional relations.
All listed regions are located entirely within or directly connected to South America.
Local names are shown in Spanish where applicable, followed by the involved states with their respective flags.
These disputes no longer involve active large-scale conflict but remain historically and politically significant in regional relations.
All listed regions are located entirely within or directly connected to South America.
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Cultural Survival, 🇱🇮 Liechtenstein: Small State, Enduring Identity2026-03-18 20:26:58
A Series on Cultural Survival 4 Throughout history, many nations survived because of size,...
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A Series on Cultural Survival 4 Throughout history, some nations survived conquest. Others endured...
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A Series on Cultural Survival 4 Throughout history, some nations fought to gain power. Others...
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