🇨🇦 Canada - Country

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Country
Canada
Canada
Name Origin
Kanata
Derived from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian Word for “Village” or “Settlement”
Symbols
🍁 Maple Leaf · Beaver · Crown
Codes
CA · CAN
ISO 3166-1 · IOC Country Code
TLD
.ca
Internet Country Code Top-Level Domain
Telephone Code
+1
North American Numbering Plan
Currency
CAD · One of the World’s Major Reserve Currencies
Official Languages
Religion
Christianity · Secularism
Religiously Diverse Constitutional Monarchy
Capital
Largest City
Government
Westminster Parliamentary Democracy
Region
Arctic · Atlantic · Pacific Regions
3 Territories · Includes Ontario, Québec & British Columbia
Time Zones
UTC−3.5 to UTC−8
Six Main Time Zones Across Provinces & Territories
King Charles III
Monarch
King Charles III
Since September 8, 2022 · Head of State
Governor General Mary Simon
Governor General
Mary Simon
Representative of the Monarch · First Indigenous Governor General
Prime Minister Mark Carney
Prime Minister
Mark Carney
Since March 14, 2025 · Head of Government
Area
3,855,100 sq mi
9,984,670 km² · #2 of 197 Countries by Area
Population
41,500,000
#38 of 197 Countries by Population
Population Density
11/sq mi
4/km² · #188 of 197 Countries by Density
Demonym
Canadian
Indigenous Peoples
First Nations Heritage
Canada Has Deep Indigenous Roots Including First Nations, Inuit & Métis Peoples
Confederation
July 1, 1867
British North America Act Created the Dominion of Canada
Sovereignty
Patriation of Constitution
Canada Gained Full Constitutional Independence in 1982
Canada Location
56.1304° N, 106.3468° W
North America · Arctic Circle · Atlantic & Pacific Oceans
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada WEATHER
Toronto, Ontario Canada WEATHER
Montreal, Quebec Canada WEATHER
Vancouver, British Columbia Canada WEATHER
Calgary, Alberta Canada WEATHER
Edmonton, Alberta Canada WEATHER
Winnipeg, Manitoba Canada WEATHER
Québec City, Quebec Canada WEATHER
Hamilton, Ontario Canada WEATHER
Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario Canada WEATHER
Provinces
Territories

Canada is the second-largest country in the world, characterized by vast forests, expansive plains, rugged mountain ranges such as the Rockies, thousands of lakes, and long coastlines along the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Oceans.

📍 Canada is a vast country located in North America, occupying the northern portion of the continent and stretching from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and up to the Arctic Ocean in the north. It is bordered by United States to the south and northwest (via Alaska), making it the longest international land border in the world.
Canada is surrounded by three major bodies of water: the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and the Arctic Ocean to the north. It also shares maritime boundaries with Greenland to the northeast and France off the coast of Newfoundland.
Canada’s landscape is extremely diverse, featuring vast forests, mountain ranges such as the Rockies in the west, prairies in the central regions, and Arctic tundra in the north. It is also home to numerous lakes and rivers, including the Great Lakes along its southern border. Canada’s size and geographic variety have shaped its climate, natural resources, and development, making it one of the world’s most geographically expansive and resource-rich countries.
Ottawa, Ontario
👥1,000,000
Toronto, Ontario
👥2,800,000
Montreal, Quebec
(Montréal, Québec)
👥1,800,000
Calgary, Alberta
👥1,300,000
Ottawa, Ontario
👥1,000,000
Edmonton, Alberta
👥1,000,000
Winnipeg, Manitoba
👥750,000
Mississauga, Ontario
👥720,000
Brampton, Ontario
👥650,000
Hamilton, Ontario
👥580,000
Quebec City, Quebec
(Québec, Québec)
👥540,000
Laval, Quebec
(Laval, Québec)
👥440,000
Halifax, Nova Scotia
👥430,000
London, Ontario
👥420,000
Markham, Ontario
👥350,000
Vaughan, Ontario
👥340,000
Gatineau, Quebec
(Gatineau, Québec)
👥300,000
Kitchener, Ontario
👥260,000
Regina, Saskatchewan
👥250,000
Windsor, Ontario
👥230,000
Sherbrooke, Quebec
(Sherbrooke, Québec)
👥170,000
Provinces (Provinces)
Provinces are the primary administrative divisions of Canada. Total: 10
Territories (Territories)
N
Y
Yukon
(YT)
Territories are federally administered regions of Canada with devolved powers. Total: 3
Road System (Transportation Infrastructure)
Drives On: Right
Canada uses a right-hand traffic system across all provinces and territories.
Electrical System (Power Plug Types)
Primary Plug Type: Type A & Type B
Canada primarily uses Type A and Type B electrical outlets shared with the United States.

What is the Internet TLD for Canada?

A top-level domain (TLD) is the last section of a website address that appears after the final dot.

Country-code top-level domains are called ccTLDs and are assigned to countries and territories around the world.

Examples:

.us = United States .fr = France .jp = Japan

Canada uses:

.ca

What is the ISO Code for Canada?

ISO country codes come from the international standard ISO 3166 created by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). These codes are used globally in databases, aviation systems, banking, shipping, and international data systems to uniquely identify countries and territories.

ISO 3166-1 codes are the two-letter country codes such as US, FR, or JP. These are called Level-1 ISO codes.

Only ISO 3166-1 codes support flag emojis. Flag emojis are created by combining two Unicode regional indicator letters that match the country's ISO two-letter code.

Canada is assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code:

CA

ISO 3166-2 codes represent provinces and territories. Examples: CA-ON = Ontario CA-QC = Quebec CA-BC = British Columbia

Subdivision codes do not have flag emojis.
ISO-2 Code: CA
ISO-3 Code: CAN
ISO Numeric Code: 124
CA Canada Flag Canada (ISO 3166-1)
Click to Copy Flag
Unicode Flag Code: U+1F1E8 U+1F1E6
Click to Copy
Canada Flag
🇨🇦 "Ô Canada" – (French) / "O Canada" – (English)
• Music composed by Calixa Lavallée in 1880
• French lyrics written by Adolphe-Basile Routhier
• English lyrics written by Robert Stanley Weir in 1908
• Officially adopted as Canada’s national anthem in 1980
United Kingdom Flag
🇬🇧 "God Save the King"
• Lyrics and music date to the 18th century
• Author and composer unknown
• Widely used as the United Kingdom’s national anthem since the 1740s
Canada Flag Map

Official Motto:

"A Mari Usque Ad Mare"

(Translated from Latin: "From Sea to Sea", officially adopted in 1921, it refers to the country's 1921, expansion from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. It is featured on the Coat of Arms of Canada and stems from Psalm 72:8)

Order of Canada:

"Desiderantes Meliorem Patriam"

(Translated from Latin: "They desire a better country", a second, distinct motto, was added to the coat of arms in 1994, representing the Order of Canada.)

Alternative Phrase:

"Peace, Order, and Good Government"

(While not a "motto," "it is a foundational legal phrase for the Canadian government)

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About Greg Loucks

Greg Loucks is a writer, poet, filmmaker, musician, and graphic designer, as well as a creative visionary and faith-driven storyteller working at the intersection of language, meaning, and human connection. Born and raised in Phoenix, Arizona, he has lived in Cincinnati, Ohio; Hot Springs, Arkansas; Williams, Arizona; and Flagstaff, Arizona—each place shaping his perspective, resilience, and creative voice.

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